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Meteorology - Climatology
Teaching Staff: To be announced
Course Code: ΤΠ-4001
Course Type: Compulsory
Course Level: Undergraduate
Course Language: Greek
Semester: 4th
ECTS: 5
Teaching Units: 4
Teaching Hours: 4
Short Description:
- The vertical structure of the Atmosphere. Geometry, chemical composition, and thermal structure of the Atmosphere. The prototype Atmosphere, pressure maps, isobars, isobaric surfaces. Meteorological parameters, instruments, stations, and Meteorological data.
- General Circulation of the Atmosphere. The three-cell model, zonal distribution of pressure, wind, cloudiness, and precipitation. The influence of the Earth’s topography and the main centers of action.
- Higher atmosphere planetary winds, Rossby waves, and Jet streams. Atmospheric air flows – Wind. Pressure gradient and geostrophic wind – The influence of friction and of the Earth’s topography. Weather patterns (cyclones and anti-cyclones), pressure maps.
- Wind convergence – divergence and their results. Local winds. Vertical air motion and thermal instability.
- Atmospheric convection and results. Dry and wet temperature lapse rate.Free (thermal) and forced (mechanical) convection in the Atmosphere. Thermal instability and the effects of vapor. Humidity and its measurement.
- Cloudiness and cloud types. Precipitation and its measurement. Convective clouds, Cumulonimbus, and thunderstorms. Air masses and fronts – Depressions, formation and evolution. Frontal depressions and evolutionary stages. Anticyclones, types, blocking highs.
- Meteorological maps and Meteorological Remote Sensing.
- Wind, cloudiness, precipitation estimations on pressure maps. Higher troposphere maps.
- Satellite Remote Sensing, gridded data, radar measurements.
- Weather conditions in the Euro-Mediterranean area. Mediterranean cyclogenesis and variability. Weather conditions in Greece.
- Anomalous atmospheric circulation and the significant modes of natural climatic variability.
- The El-Nino Southern Oscillation.
- The North Atlantic Oscillation and its climatic impact on the Euro-Mediterranean sector. The NAO index.
- Climate and climatic variability. Anthropogenic effects on the global climate and the green-house effect. Climatic trends detection and principles of Statistical Climatology.
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